4046 pll software engineering

Phaselocked loop for your next electronics project. Formulas are derived from a spreadsheet by philips. Im working on extracting a clock signal of around 15 khz using the cmos 4046 plls type ii phase comparator. The block i was testing is the classic demodulator circuit using a pll, and a plain vainilla ic amp, as shown in the image. The hef4046b is a phaselocked loop circuit that consists of a linear. The exact ranges and component values are determined by extensive charts included in the 4046 data sheet 443k in pdf format. For this purpose, i used a cd 4046 pll and a lm311 op amp to produce square signal input for pin 14 based. A phaselocked loop or phase lock loop pll is a control system that generates an output. A tiny useful discovery about the 4046 phase locked loop chip. The hchct4046a pll with vco is a highspeed cmos ic designed for use in. Cd4046 phase locked loop applies rc vco type, and it has to link capacitance c1 with resistor r1 as charge and discharge components. A phase locked loop ic consists of a voltagecontrolled oscillator vco and a phase detector.

A phaselocked loop pll has a voltagecontrolled oscillatorvco. Functional blocks are implemented by software rather than specialized hardware. Figure 2 functional diagram of the 4046 phaselockedloop with vco. Designing and debugging a phaselocked loop pll circuit can be complicated, unless engineers have a deep understanding of pll theory and a logical development process. The soc pll in figure 1 integratesmore than 25,000 transistors, whereasthe 4046 chip used roughly 5. There you see that pin 11 is connected to the source of an nmos. Chapter 6 pll and clock generator the dsp56300 core features a phase locked loop pll clock generator in its central processing module. Pll using 4046 phase locked loop cd4046 is a pll or phase lock loop, it mainly consists of a vco and phase comparators. I have been studying the 4046 datasheet but cant make sense of the diagrams that show the frequency and the resistor capacitor combos. The 4046 phaselocked loop pll chip is a fantastic chip to experiment around with. In this session of logic noise, we enter the realm of voltage control the simplest possible way, using the voltagecontrolled oscillator built into the 4046. How to design and debug a phaselocked loop pll circuit. A phaselocked looppll has a voltagecontrolled oscillatorvco.

A versatile building block for micropower digital and analog applications 3 cd4046b pll technical description figure 2 shows a block diagram of the cd4046b, which has been implemented on a single monolithic integrated circuit. The oscillator generates a periodic signal, and the phase detector compares the. I recently acquired an airplane with a feature of two engines, and the right engine has the capability of being driven to match the left engine for purposes of creature comfort. In this circuit, we will use only the vco portion of the 4046 ic and not the phase detector. A versatile building block for micropower digital and analog applications 3 1 introduction phaselocked loops plls, especially in monolithic form, have significantly increased use in signalprocessing and digital systems. Jun 29, 2018 these are depicted in figure 2 functional diagram of the 4046 phaselockedloop with vco below. The plls output is fed to ic3 and divided by 10 or 100, depending on the setting of switch s1. The ability to integrate many moretransistors has enabled analogmixed. Download pspice for free and get all the cadence pspice models.

This article presents a simplified methodology for pll design and provides an effective and logical way to debug difficult pll problems. Use a 10k resistor to couple the signal generator to the pll. As shown, the oscillator signal is fed into the comparator formed by ic1a and its output drives the sigin input, pin 14, of the 4046 pll ic2. What resistor capacitor combination do i need to do this. Its encouraging to see that once the capture range is set properly, the 4046 really works predictably. Cd4046 is a micropower phaselocked loop pll that comes with a phase detector for comparing the phase of the output signal with the input signal and adjust them in order to make the matching signals from both ends. We use the chip just to generate a digital signal that can be used a clock signal. Free online engineering javascript calculator to quickly estimate the component values used for a 4046 vco with pll. The ability to integrate many moretransistors has enabled. Customer is fully responsible for all design decisions and engineering with regard to its products, including decisions relating to application of ti products. Problem measuring frequency and phase of the grid using 4046. The 4046 datasheet always shows a firstorder loop filter with one or two resistors and one capacitor. Cmos phaselockedloop applications texas instruments. The ic4046 is phaselocked loop ic of cmos digital combined analog and digital chip.

The phaselocked loop pll is a device with many interesting applications, including frequency synthesis, fm demodulation, and television sweep circuits. If you want a onechip solution, the cmos 4046 ic comes to mind. Cmos phaselockedloop applications using the cd5474hchct4046a and cd5474hchct7046a w. Thank you, thank you, thank you for putting your courseware online and leaving it there, apparently indefinitely. The question is how i can attenuate enough the pulses from the phase detector that reach the vco input. Its such an old chip that its been redesigned several times for several new generations of wafer fab processing. Looking for 4046 pll experience circuit design engtips. I thnk this diagram was repeated in other motorola pll design and application notes but i have no reference for. Construct the following circuit in which a cd4046be phase locked loop pll ic is configured as an fm demodulator that relies on the output of phase. Phase locked loop fundamentals the basic form of a phase locked loop pll consists of a voltage controlled oscillator vco, a phase detector pd, and a filter.

The back story is i inherited a trove of electronics component in which there was an incomplete breadboard with an op amp, a 4046 pll, a mc145151p2 frequency synth with a 10. The pll allows the processor to operate at a high internal clock frequency derived from a lowfrequency clock input, a feature that offers two immediate benefits. Backing off from the more complex circuit above and prototyping a simple audio band pll using only a single 4046 a ti 74hc4046 to be specific with appropriate r1, c1 and lpf values and without the counter in the path, i can observe the pin 10 voltage as the loop maintains lock with varying. Mixed and interface circuits it is used in a closed loop control to maintain a stable frequency. Im using the 4046 pll with type 2 phase comparator i need full vco range lock with external vco, at about 100khz. A phaselocked loop is a feedback system combining a voltage controlled. Phaselocked loop design through the decades part 1.

For 1hz to 1khz input range, we design a vco to cover 10hz to 10khz, with some extra range on each end. In 1925 professor david robertson, first professor of electrical engineering at the university. Help me understand this 4046 pll circuit from the 1970s what is this. Find application cd4046 related suppliers, manufacturers, products and specifications on globalspec a trusted source of application cd4046 information. The 4046 being unable to handle the 10mhz if explains why i could not fond anything. It uses a 4046 phase locked loop pll and a 4518 connected as a dual divideby10 counter.

The 4046 is a digital pll the vco output is a periodic binary signal. Cd4046 is a pll or phase lock loop, it mainly consists of a vco and phase comparators. Digital phase locked loop induction motor speed controller. Electrical and electronics flow control and fluid transfer fluid power imaging and video equipment industrial and engineering software industrial computers and embedded systems lab.

Phaselocked loop the frequency range of input signals on which the pll will lock if it was initially out of lock. Cd4046be texas instruments pll frequency synthesis, 2. Help me understand this 4046 pll circuit from the 1970s. The cd4046be is a cmos micropower phase locked loop pll in 16 pin dip package. Ltlgb 2012 2008 the research and application of fm circuit based on cd4046 in the traffic information release system. Of course, i wired the tilt sensors output to the 4046. Each time they redesign it, someone new is in charge of making. The 4046 cmos micropower pll,which rca introducedin the 1970s, is one of the early pllics. Most of the advances in frequency,power per megahertz, and area are duesimply to advances in process technologyand would not be surprisingto anyone familiar with moores law. The circuit above is good for learning the full use of a small dual trace scope. As noted above, the pll takes a couple of seconds to lock to the input signal, but once it does, its rocksolid every time.

Find 4046 pll frequency multipliers related suppliers, manufacturers, products and specifications on globalspec a trusted source of 4046 pll frequency multipliers information. Electrical and electronics flow control and fluid transfer fluid power imaging and video equipment industrial and engineering software industrial computers and. Aug 07, 2015 in this session of logic noise, well be playing around with the voltagecontrolled oscillator from a 4046 phaselocked loop chip, and using it to make musical pitches. Im working on extracting a clock signal of around 15 khz using the cmos 4046 pll s type ii phase comparator.

A dead zone makes the pll more or less useless all by itself, but you can fix it by pulling the pfd a few nanoseconds off the zero pointusually something like a 1m resistor to ground from the pd2 output is all you need. How to make a 4046 pll work keiths electronics blog. In this session of logic noise, well be playing around with the voltagecontrolled oscillator from a 4046 phaselocked loop chip, and using it to make musical pitches. The expanded equations 1 through 5 have been written into a computer program. No need calling it thomas henry x4046 just 4046 pll is sufficient. Problem measuring frequency and phase of the grid using. It will help you and the reverse engineering team you hire, to lay hands on a good datasheet for the 4046. Its operation seems nearly miraculous, but feedback makes the job easy, and it is an excellent.

To make a stable pll i use the classical leadlag filter with 2 resistors and 1 cap with enough damping. Phase locked loop pll overview of the phaselocked loop pll, pdf file. A phaselocked loop or phase lock loop pll is a control system that generates an output signal whose phase is related to the phase of an input signal. The type ii phase comparator should ideally lock the vco to the input signal with a 0 degrees phase difference. I need my 4046, which operates on 10v, to produce a frequency in the range of 10khz20khz.

In this session of logic noise, we enter the realm of voltage control the simplest possible way, using the voltagecontrolled oscillator built into the 4046 chip. Phaselocked loop design through the decades part 1 embedded. Chapter 6 pll and clock generator university of colorado. I have the pll locking onto the adxl202 now, and my leds indicating tilt, all thanks to lab 4. Engineering, prototype, software, pcbs, assemblies, operations. Its operation seems nearly miraculous, but feedback makes the job easy, and it is an excellent example of feedback in action. Today, ill discuss the detailed introduction to cd4046. Design and experiments mouna ben hamed and lassaad sbita 164 c. In its more general form figure 1, the pll may also contain a mixer and a digital divider. How to build a voltagecontrolled oscillator vco circuit. Aug 30, 2015 the ic 4046 is phaselocked loop ic of cmos digital combined analog and digital chip. Sep 10, 2011 most of the advances in frequency,power per megahertz, and area are duesimply to advances in process technologyand would not be surprisingto anyone familiar with moores law. Within a phase locked loop, pll, or frequency synthesizer, the performance of the voltage controlled oscillator, vco is key.

Those included the harris cd4046b pll ic, the philips adisimpll software is a complete pll design package which can be downloaded from the analog. It consists of low power, linear voltage controlled oscillator vco and two different phase comparators having common signal input amplifier and common comparator input. Whilst poring over 4046 phase locked loop data sheets, i noticed yet another subtle useful difference between the the later faster 74hc4046. Massachusetts institute of technology department of electrical engineering 6. The solution to this problem is to use a frequency multiplier and the circuit presented here can be switched to multiply by 10 or 100. Jun 25, 20 a dead zone makes the pll more or less useless all by itself, but you can fix it by pulling the pfd a few nanoseconds off the zero pointusually something like a 1m resistor to ground from the pd2 output is all you need. The voltage controlled oscillator performance governs many aspects of the performance of the whole phase locked loop or frequency synthesizer.

Software hacks tagged phaselocked loop, pll, software pll. No need calling it thomas henry x 4046 just 4046 pll is sufficient. The 4046 phaselocked loop pll chip is a fantastic chip to. The 4046 has two phase comparators, and you need to take care to use the appropriate one. Riorand ep2c5t144 altera cyclone ii fpga mini development board. Other than that i found out that the application note at page 19 see attach below with an ic hcf4046 show a not constant value on pin 1, while, once that is locked, it should be constant i. If i damp enough the loop for stability, the filter attenuation would. The documents, software, tools and links are provided to enhance the ability of an electronics student, hobbyist or professional by sharing information.

In view of its usefulness, the phase locked loop or pll is found in many wireless, radio, and general electronic items from mobile phones to broadcast radios, televisions to wifi routers, walkie talkie radios to professional communications systems and vey much more. In fact, its so versatile that well spend the next three sessions exploring it. Frequency multiplier for lf measurements eeweb community. The capture range is smaller or equal to the lock range. This is a component in fm demodulation and modulation.

The frequency lock range 2f l is defined as the frequency range of input signals on which the loop will stay locked if it was initially in lock. The phase locked loop or pll is a particularly useful circuit block that is widely used in radio frequency or wireless applications. Jul 27, 2015 in this session of logic noise, we enter the realm of voltage control the simplest possible way, using the voltagecontrolled oscillator built into the 4046. Fm demodulator using a 4046 pll when i design anything, i divide the circuit into functional blocks, it allows me to test and debug each independently, before integrating the system. The pll structure consists of a lowpower, linear vco and two. The block i was testing is the classic demodulator circuit using a.